Izakhiwo zemishini yensimbi zibhekisela ezicini zensimbi ngaphansi kwamandla angaphandle, ikakhulukazi kufaka phakathi izinkomba ezilandelayo.
① Amandla Aphezuluσb: indawo yokucindezeleka enkulu ku-tensile stress-strain curve, iyunithi
Ingabe i-MPa.
② Umkhawulo Wesivunoσs: lapho ukucindezelwa okuqinile kwempahla kudlula uhla lokunwebeka kanye nokuguqulwa kwepulasitiki kuqala ukwenzeka Ingcindezi.Ayikho i-plateau yesivuno esobala ku-tensile stress-strain curve yezinye izinto, okungukuthi, isivuno sayo asikwazi ukucaciswa ngokucacile Amaphuzu.Kulokhu, kucaciswa kubunjiniyela ukuthi inani lengcindezi lika-0.2% lokuguquguquka okuyinsalela kwesampula lithathwa njengomkhawulo wesivuno onemibandela.σ0.2 kuvezwe nge-MPa.
③ Umkhawulo Wokubekezela : ukuphuka kwesampula ngemva kwesikhathi esithile ezingeni lokushisa elinikeziwe
Ingcindezi emaphakathi ku-crack.Kubunjiniyela, kuvame ukuvezwa ngenani elimaphakathi lokucindezelwa kwesampula uma linqamuka ku-105h ezingeni lokushisa lokuklama Ibhithi yi-MPa.
④ Umkhawulo We-Creep: yenza isampula ikhiqize inani elithile Lenani lokucindezeleka lokukhasa.Ithebula lenani lokucindezeleka lensimbi ezingeni lokushisa lokuklama elingu-105h kanye nezinga elinyakazayo lika-1% livamise ukusetshenziswa kubunjiniyela Ku-MPa.
⑤ Iphesenti Ubudeδ8: ibonisa ukuthi uma isampula ilimele ekuhlolweni okuqinile Iphesenti lobude bepulasitiki.Kuyinkomba yokukala ipulasitiki yensimbi.Ubude bangempela besampula ngokuvamile bukhethwa njengobude obuqondile besampula
Izikhathi ezi-5 noma izikhathi eziyi-10 ubukhulu, ngakho isampula ine δ5futhi δ10, ngo%.
⑥ Ukuncishiswa Kwendawoψ: kukhombisa ukuthi uma isampula ilimele ekuhlolweni kwe-tensile
Izinga lokuguqulwa kwepulasitiki eluhlaza.Kungenye inkomba yokukala ipulasitiki yezinto, evezwe nge%.
⑦ Inani Lomthelela Ak: Kuyisilinganiso sokuqina kwensimbi futhi sinquma ukuthi insimbi inesibonisi sokuhluleka ukuphuka, iyunithi: J.
⑧ Ukuqina: kukhombisa ukumelana kwento ekuwohlokeni kwepulasitiki yendawo kanye nokumelana nokugqokwa kwezinto.Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamathebula okuqina Akhombisa izindlela, okungukuthi i-Brinell hardness HB, i-Rockwell hardness HR kanye ne-Vickers I-Diamond Hardness HV inezindlela zokulinganisa ezihlukene kanye nezigaba zohlelo.Ngokusho kokuhlangenwe nakho Kunobudlelwane obuseduze phakathi kokuqina namandla aqinile ngale ndlela: insimbi egoqiwe futhi esezingeni eliphansi ye-carbon steelσb=0.36HB;Insimbi ye-carbon Steel egoqiwe futhi eyejwayelekile noma ephansi ye-alloyσb=0.35HB;Ubulukhuni buyi-250 ~ 400HB, kanye nensimbi ye-alloy ephethwe ukushisaσb=0.33HB.
Ngenxa yobulula bokulinganisa, ubulukhuni bendawo ethinteke ekushiseni bubuye busetshenziswe ngokujwayelekile ukucacisa izinga lokuqina kwamalunga ashiselwe.
–本文内容摘抄自《压力管道设计及工程实例》
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-07-2023